Biomass refers to renewable, biological organic material generated by plants through photosynthesis in which solar energy combines carbon dioxide and moisture to form carbohydrates and oxygen. Biomass typically has high moisture content and volatile matter constituents, and low bulk density and calorific value.

Biomass gasification is the incomplete combustion of solid biomass fuel resulting in production of combustible gas containing Carbon monoxide (CO), Hydrogen (H₂) and traces of Methane (CH₄) through a series of thermochemical reactions. This mixture is called producer gas. Producer gas can be used to run internal combustion engines (both compression and spark ignition) for generation of electrical power and can also act as a substitute for costly fuels like oil and natural gas for generation of thermal energy.